Heavy ion collisions at the highest energies have revealed a new phase of nuclear matter with freely moving quarks and gluons, the Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP). The Beam Energy Scan program at the RHIC particle accelerator, a Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science user facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory, has enabled the study of the transition between QGP and hadronic matter over a wide energy range.