In living organisms, DNA is the storage unit of all genetic information. It is with this information that proteins are encoded, which then enable biological systems to function as needed for the organism to survive. DNA's functioning is enabled by its structure: a double-stranded helix formed via the joining of specific pairs of molecules called 'nucleotides' in specific orders, called 'sequences'. In recent decades, scientists in the fields of DNA nanotechnology have been able to design DNA sequences to construct desired nanostructures and microstructures, which can be used to investigate biomolecular functions or create artificial cell systems.